定语从句【优秀10篇】
定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词（英语：relative word）引导的从句，因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句（英语：attributive clause），这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其他成分，所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。下面是小编精心为大家整理的10篇《定语从句》，亲的肯定与分享是对我们最大的鼓励。
定语从句 篇一
英语词法专题讲座十八：定语从句一、定语从句（一）：1. 定语从句的概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2. 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。3. 关系词： 引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引导的定语从句。关系词指代在定语从句中的作用that既指人也指物作主语、宾语which指物作主语、宾语who指人作主语whom指人作宾语whose既指人也指物作定语二、定语从句（二）1. 先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which. 但下列情况下，只能用that不用which。1). 当先行词为指物的不定代词，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等时，只能用that。there is nothing ______ i can do for you.2). 当先行词被the only、the very、the last、all、no、little等词修饰时，只能用that。this is the very book ______ i’m looking for.3). 先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用that。this is the first nextbook ______ i studied in the middle school.4). 先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用that。this is the most beautiful mountain ______ i have ever seen.=i have _____ seen _____ a beautiful mountian.5). 先行词既有人也有物时，只能that。he told us many interesting things and persons _______ we had.2. 先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which. 但下列情况下，只能用which不用that。1). 关系代词前有介词时，关系词只能用which。this is the building in ______ he lives.2). 先行词本身是that时，关系词只能用which。the clock is that _____ tells the time.3). 引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开），关系词用which。his book, ______ was lost last week, has been found now.3. 先行词是人时，一般情况下既可用who 也可用that 。但以下情况下，只能用who。1). 当先行词为those、one、ones、anyone且作主语时，一般用who。those ______ are singing are all my classmates.2). 在there be 句型中，先行词指人时，只能用who。指物时用that。there is a girl ______ expects to see you.3). 当先行词是i、you、he、they等时，只能用who。he ______ plays with fire gets burned.三、定语从句（三）。 由关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句。where = in / at +which when = in / on / at +which why = for + which 1. 由where引导的定语从句。1). 先行词是表示地点的名词 2). 在定语从句中作地点状语is this the house ______ you lived? = is this the house _____ _____ you lived?= is this the house _____ you lived in?2. 由when引导的定语从句。1). 先行词是表示时间的名词 2). 在定语从句中作时间状语i will never forget the days ______ i met him.= i will never forget the days ____ ____ i met him.注：先行词是the last time 时，when 可省略。when was the last time you saw the parrot?3. 由why引导的定语从句。 先行词为reason 时，一般用why 。 why在句中作原因状语。we don’t know the reason ______ they didn’t come.四、注意事项：1. 关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，常可省略。the story _____ he told was very popular.a. who b. whom c. whose d. / 2. that、who、which在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。i loves singers who _______(write) their own songs.she is one of the girls who ______(study) hard .3. 在定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的人称代词。will you please show me the book ______ yesterday?a. which you bought b. that you bought it c. you bought d. you bought it 4. 定语从句中whose 的确定： 无论先行词是人或物，在定语从句中做定语用whose。判断：看定语从句的主语前有无限定词（my、your、jim’s等），若没有，则用whose。the girl _____ parents work in beijing is kate.a. who b. whose c. which d. that i know the boy. his handwriting is very good.= i know the boy ____ handwriting is very good.五、定语从句的简化 把定语从句简化为形容词短语、过去分词短语、介词短语、现在分词短语。1. she reveived a box which was full of presents. she reveived a box _____ _____ presents.2. he likes reading books that was written by luxun. he likes reading booking _____ ____ luxun.3. i like chinese tea which has nothing in it. i like chinese tea ______ _____ in it.4. do you know the girl who is wearing a red dress. do you know the girl ______ a red dress.
定语从句 篇二
学科 英语 课题 专项复习宾语从句
4.28 二。知识运用：中考热点习题（一）
1 the girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
a. took b. take c. takes d. will take
2 catherine said that she ___ to guangzhou.
a. has never gone b. had never gone c. has never been d. had never been
3 the students want to know whether they___ dictionary today.
a. had b. has c. will have d. are
4 she asked linda if___ go and get some.
a. could she b. she could c. she can d. she may
5 linda said the moon___ round the earth.
a. travelled b. has travelled c. travells d. had travelled
习题（二）
1 can you tell me___ you were born, betty?
a. who b. what c. when d. that
2 i don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
a. what b. if c. when d. where
3 i hardly understand. ___ he has told me.
a. that b. what c. which d. who
4 she didn't know___ back soon.
a. whether he would be b. if would he be c. he will be
5. i don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
a. whether b where c. what d. when
6. do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
a. what b when c why d how
三 .小结：宾语从句用法
四 .作业：完成今天的课时作业
课型 新 课时 1 教案序号 修改日期
学 习
目 标 1.专项复习宾语从句用法
2.通过复习形宾语从句的构成及用法，达到灵活运用各种知识的能力
3.通过自主合作，培养学生合作意识，团结协作精神。
重 点
难 点 重点：宾语从句用法
难点：宾语从句的时态
内 容 设 计 区 导学设计、
错题更正区
一。语法聚焦：宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。 宾语从句常由that引导，在口语中常省略。当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响，按需要可以使用任何时态。如：
she says (that) she works from monday to friday.
she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
当主句谓语是过去时态，而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理（事实）时，宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时。如：
the teacher told us(that) nothing difficult if you put your heart into it.
（is was） 老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。
引出名词性从句的连词whether和if，在引出宾语从句时，用法和意义相同。但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句，而whether除了引出宾语从句外，还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。例如：
we don't know whether (if) it is right.
the question is whether she should do that. 作 成分
whether it is true remains a question. 试比较：
i don't know if it is true. 我不知道这事是否真实。 从句
i shall go there if i have time. 如果我有时间，我将到那儿去。 从句。
定语从句 篇三
(一) 知识概要
定语从句并不属于中考范围，但由于作者在多年的教学中体会到，这一语法现象影响了许多学生自学英语。这些学生一般是成绩较好的学生，想进行大量阅读来提高自己的英语水平，但总是碰到一些问题，百思不得其解。苦于自己的水平只限于初中水平，无法提高，但各种补习班又都是为一些水平较差的学生开设的，所以又投师无门。为了解决这部分学生的学习困难，也为那些有志青年铺平学习上的道路，特用这一节讲述定语从句，不是从语法上讲述，而是从阅读理解方面去讲述。可供同学们在学习时参考。这会对你的英语学习起到事半功倍的作用。对于形容词我们已十分熟悉了，如：a good book，形容词good 用来修饰书book。我们也可以用一个句子来修饰名词，这种句子叫做形容词性从句，它起修饰名词的作用，又被叫做定语从句(the attributive clause)。但有一点不同的是这个从句不是像形容词那样放于名词前，而是放在名词之后。它所修饰的名词又被叫作先行词，如：do you know the scientist who gave us the talk this afternoon? 这句中的主句是do you know the scientist? (你知道那位科学家吗？) 而who gave us the talk this afternoon (他今天下午给我们作的报告。)是定语从句。所以这两句话合为一体即是：
你认识今天下午给我们作报告的那位科学家吗？这里scientist 叫作先行词，而who 叫作定语从句的引导词。who 在定语从句中起主语的作用，who 的数与它的先行词相同。又如：you must do everything that i do这里先行词是 everything，而 that i do 是定语从句，此句应译为：你必须作我所作的一切。 that 叫作定语从句的引导词，在句中作 do 的宾语。引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词：that，which，who，whom，whose 和关系副词when，where，why，how。不论关系代词还是关系副词，都应放于先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，但它们都要在定语从句中起语法作用，充当一个成份。如关系代词在定语从句中不是作主语便是作宾语，而关系副词则是作状语。我们先来看关系代词的用法。①that 的先行词可以是人也可以是物。如：a plane is a machine that can fly这里先行词是machine 而that 是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。这句译为：飞机是一种会飞的机器。又如：i like the book (that) you lent me yesterday这里先行词是book，关系代词用that，它在定语从句中作lend (借)的宾语。要注意的是关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，即：i like the book you lent me yesterday ②which 关系代词的先行词只能是物。它在定语从句中作主语或宾语，如：the book shop is a shop which sells books这里 shop是先行词，which 在从句中作主语。又如：the book (which) i read last night was wonderful 这里主句是the book was wonderful 而定语从句是修饰主句的主语book，即我昨晚读的那本书，which 在定语从句中作read 的宾语，可以省略。③who，whom，whosewho 在定语从句中作主语，whom 是who 的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，而 whose 则是形容词性物主代词，在从句中作定语，如：the man who visited our school yesterday is an american friend 昨天参观我们学校的人是一位美国朋友。 who 在定语从句中作主语。又如：who's that woman (whom) you just talked to? 你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁？而whom 作定语从句中介词to 的宾语，可以省略，而在现代英语中，句首的whom 也常常可用who代替。this is our classmate, mary, whose home is not far from our school 这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。为了便于理解，我们来看看是如何将两句话并为一句话的。
1. i saw the man. he closed the door
i saw the man who (that) closed the door
2. the girl is happy. she won the race
the girl who won the race is happy.
3. the students are from china. they sit in the front row.
the students who sit in the front row are from china
(要注意的是先行词是students 则who 的数也应看作复数。)
4. we are studying sentences. they contain adjective dause.
we are studying sentences that (which) contain adjective dause
5. the taxi driver was friendly. he took me to the airport.
the taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly.
6. the book was good. i read it
the book that i read was good.
the book i read was good.
7. the people were very nice. we visited them yesterday.
the people we visited yesterday were very nice.
8. the man called the police. his wallet was stolen.
the man whose wallet was stolen called the police
9. i come from a country. its history goes back thousands of years.
i come from a country whose history goes back thousands of years.
10. i have to call the man. i picked up his umbrella after the meeting.
i have to call the man whose umbrella i picked up after the meeting.
关系代词whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom 与which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：
that was the room in which we had lived for ten years 或可以写作：
that was the room which we had lived in for ten years
he was the man whom(who) you were looking for要注意的是此句的关系代词 whom 可以用主格取代，而look for 是短语动词也不可将for 放于定语从句之前。that 作关系代词作介词宾语时，不能紧跟介词，而只能将介词置于定语从句的后面。如：the man that we were talking about has come to our school. 这时不可用 about that … 请看下面例句：
1. the meeting was interesting. i went to it.
the meeting that i went to was interesting.
2. the man was very kind. i talked to him yesterday.
the man who i talked to yesterday was very kind
3. i must thank the people. i got a present from him.
i must thank the people who i got a present from.
4. the picture was beautiful. she was looking at it.
the picture that (which) she was looking at was beautiful.
5. the man is standing over there. i told you about him.
the man who i told you about is standing over there
除关系代词外，还有关系副词，when, where, why，其中when用来指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如：i never forget the day when i first came to the great wall. 而where 则指地点，如：this is the house where the old man lives. 请看下面例句：
1. the city was beautiful. we spent our vacation there.
the city where we spent our vacation was beautiful
2. that is the restaurant. i will meet you there.
that is the restaurant where i will meet you
3. the town is small. i grew up there.
the town where i grew up is small.
4. that is the drawer. i keep my newspapers there.
that is the drawer where i keep my newspapers.
5. monday is the day. we will come then.
monday is the day when we will came
6. 7:05 is the time. my plane arrives then.
7:05 is the time when my plane arrives.
7. 1960 is the year. the revolution took place then.
1960 is the year when the revolution took place.
8. july is the month. the weather is usually the hottest then.
july is the month when the weather is usually the hottest.
在定语从句中又可分为两大类定语从句，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
① 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉的话，主句的意思就不完整，意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词，如：i was the only person in my office who was invited.
② 非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对其附加说明，也就是讲即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响，仍然清晰明了。这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句，如：abraham lincoln, who led the united states through these years, was shot on april 14, 1865 at a theatre in washington d. c. 又如：galileo lived in the city of pisa, where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high.
定语从句 篇四
1. jinan is no longer the city that it used to be. __________
2. jinan is no longer what it used to be. __________
3. jinan is no longer the same city as it used to be. __________.
4. it is well known that the earth is round. __________
5. as is well known, the earth is round. __________
6. it was on oct.1st that the new china was founded. __________
7. it was oct.1st when the new china was founded. __________
8. this is such an interesting book that everybody likes to read it. __________
9. this is such an interesting book as everybody likes to read. __________
10. he found the book that he had lost the day before. __________
11. he found the book where he had lost it the day before. __________
12. the mother is always telling her child to study hard, which doesn’t help at all. __________
13. the mother is always telling her child to study hard and that doesn’t help at all. __________
14. the news that he told us surprised us all. __________
15. the news that he got killed in the race surprised us all. __________[来源：高考%资源网 ks%5u]
易混从句对比练习
1. a. ①the young man found the gold watch _______he lost.
c. ②the young man found the gold watch _______he lost it.
a. that b. in which c. where d. there
2. d. ①the company and the effect _______ brought about did great good to our business in western countries.
a. ②the company and the effect _______ it brought about did great good to our business in western countries.
a. that b. what c. to which d. it
3. a. ①use your own mind. never be ready to believe anything _______ other people believe.
c. ②use your own mind. never be ready to believe anything _______ other people believe it.
a. that b. which c. because d. when
4. d. ①is this museum_______ they visited yesterday?
a. ②is this the museum_______ they visited yesterday?
b. ③is this the museum_______ they visited some ancient weapons yesterday?
a. that b. where c. one d. the one
5. a. ①next month, ______ you’ll spend in your hometown, is coming.
c. ②next month, ______ you’ll be in your hometown, is coming.
a. that b. which c. when d. where
6. c. ①yesterday our chemistry teacher asked so difficult a question ________ puzzled all of us.
a. ②yesterday our chemistry teacher asked so difficult a question ________ it puzzled all of us.
a. that b. which c. as d. what
7. b. ①this is one of the best films _______this year.
c. ②this is the one of the best films _______this year.
a. have been shown b. that have been shown c. that has been shown d. which has been shown
8. c. ①_______, paper was first made in china.
a. ②_______that paper was first made in china.
b. ③_______is that paper was first made in china.
a. it is known to us all b. what is known to us all
c. as is known to us all d. that is known to us all
9. a. ①when christopher columbus reached the place _______ is now the usa, he called the people of the new world “indians”。 [来源：高考%资源网 ks%5u]
d. ②when christopher columbus reached _______is now the usa, he called the people of the new world “indians”。
a. which b. where c. there d. what
10. b. ①the town is no longer the one_______ it was 10 years ago, _______ it was quite dirty.
d. ②the town is no longer ______ it was 10 years ago； _______ it was quite dirty.
b. ③the town is no longer the same _______ it was 10 years ago, _______ it was quite dirty.
a. that; then b. as; when c. that; when d. what; then
11. c. ①this is the very way_______ he did the experiment.
c. ②this is the very way_______ he told me yesterday.
a. ③this is _______ he did the experiment.
a. how b. by which c. that d. which
12. d. ①the reason _______ he failed was that he hadn’t taken my advice.
b. ②the reason for _______ he failed was that he hadn’t taken my advice.
a. ③the only reason _______ he could give us was that he failed to catch the bus.
a. that b. which c. because d. why
13. c. ①you should put the dictionary _______ you could find it easily.
c. ②you should put the dictionary on the desk_______ you can find it easily.
a. which b. in which c. where d. there
14. c. ①it is the house_______ i met the young man.
a. ②it was in the house_______ i met the young man.
a. that b. which c. where d. there
15. c. ①it was 7:00_______ i arrived in beijing.
a. ②it was at 7:00_______ i arrived in beijing.
a. that b. which c. when d. on which
16. a. ①he said nothing_______ made me angry
b. ②he said nothing, _______ made me angry
c. ③he said nothing, _______ had been expected.
a. that b. which c. as d. it
17. a. ①the chicago bulls used to be made up of the best basketball players in the states, _______ are black americans.
b. ②the chicago bulls used to be made up of the best basketball players in the states, _______ black americans.
b. ③the chicago bulls used to be made up of the best basketball players in the states, and_______ are black americans.
a. most of whom b. most of them c. most of which d. most of it
18. c. ①—why did he say so?
—sorry, i don’t understand _______ he said.
b. ②—why did he say so?
—sorry, i don’t understand _______ he said means
a. all what b. what all c. all that d. that all
19. c. ①computers must be of great use to ________ do the scientific research.
a. ②computers must be of great use to ________ doing the scientific research.
a. those b. who c. those who d. whomever
20. b. ①you can use a larger plastic battle, _______ is cut off, as a pot to grow flowers in.
d. ②you can use a larger plastic battle, _______ cut off, as a pot to grow flowers in.
a. the top b. whose top c. whose the top d. with its top
1ac2.da 3.ac 4.dab 5.bc.6ca.7bc8cab9ad 12.dba.13 cc14.ca.15ca 16abc.17abb.18cb 19ca20bd
定语从句 篇五
时间： 09__年__10_月__13__日 星期_二__ 北大附中河南分校 王萍
学习目标：
teaching aims:
1. help ss to understand what attributive clause is and itsfunction.
2. help ss to use “who, whom, that, which, whose, when, where”in attributive clauseproperly.
学习难点：
distinguish the relative pronouns and relative adverb “who,whom, that, which, whose, when,where” .
预见性问题：
1. distinguish the relative pronouns and relative adverb
2. find the key words
教学方法：
discussing in groups , students’explaination
教学过程：
step 1 greeting and show time ( 3分钟)
greeting everyone as uaual
show time then common it by students
step 2 review the grammar (3分钟)
ask some students write the grammar’spoints
step 3 explaning grammar
1doing exercises by studens(10分钟)
2find out the puzzle then explaned bystudents
3. write the number of puzzle on theblackboard
学生代表讲解（15分钟）
教师精讲拓展（15分钟）
1. dorothy was always speaking highly of her rolein the play, ________,of course , made the othersunhappy. （全国）
a.who b.which c.this d.what
2. the result of the experiment was very good,_____ we hadn't expected. （北京春季）
a. when b. that c. which d.what
3. it was an exciting moment for these footballfans this year, ________ for the first time in years their team wonthe world cup. （北京春季）
a. that b. while c. which d.when
4. the film brought the hours back to me_________ iwas taken good care of in that far-away village. （01全国）
a.until b.that c.when d.where
5. _________is known to everybody, the moon travelsround the earth once every month. （01全国）
a.it b.as c. that d.what
6. john said he’d been working in the office for anhour, _______ was true. （01北京春季）
a.he b.this c.which d.who
7. we will be shown around the city: schools,museums, and some other places, ______ other visitors seldom go. （02北京）
a.what b.which c.where d. when
8. the famous basketball star, triedto make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. （02北京春季）
a.where b.when c.which d. who
10. — are you still thinking about yesterday’sgame?
— oh, that’s . （03北京春季）
a what makes me feel excited bwhatever ifeel excited about
c.how i feel aboutit d.when i feel excited
11. we are living in an age manythings are done on computer. （03北京春季）
a.which b.that c.whose d.when
12. anyway, that evening, ____ i’ll tell you moreabout later, i ended up staying at rachel’splace. （04浙江）
a.when b.where c.what d. which
13. ________ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan. （04江苏）
a.which b.when c. what d.as
14. george orwell, ______ was eric arthur, wrotemany political novels and essays. (04北京）
a the realname b what his realname
c his realname d whose real name
15. helen was much kinder to her youngest son thanto the others, ______, of course, made the others envyhim. （04天津）
a who bthat cwhat d which
16. i work in a business ________ almost everyoneis waiting for a great chance. （04湖南）
a. how b. which c.where d. that
17. there was time ihated to go to school. （04湖北）
a.a; that b.a; when c.the;that d.the; when
18. there are twobuildings, stands nearly a hundred feethigh. （04湖北）
a.the larger b.the larger of them
c.the larger one that d.the larger of which
19. the factory produces half a million pairs ofshoes every year,80% are sold abroad. （04辽宁）
a.of which b.which of c.of them d.of that
23. if a shop has chairs ________ women can parktheir men, women will spend more time in the shop. （05上海卷）
a. that b.which c.when d. where
26. i walked in our garden, _______ tom and jimwere tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （05辽宁卷）
a.which b.when c.where d.that
27. do you still remember the chicken farm ________we visited three months ago? （05北京春季）
a. where b. when c. that d. what
28 she bought with he thee fiends, none of_____ i had eve metbefore.
(09全国Ⅰ)
athem bwho cwhom d these
29 my fiend showed me round the town,_______ was very kind ofhim.
(09全国二卷)
a.which b.that c.where dit
30 gun contol is a subject ameicanshave argued for a long time.
（09陕西）
a.ofwhich b.with which c.aboutwhich dinto which
31.life is like alongrace we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.（09重庆）
a.why b.what c.that d.where
32.whenever i mether, was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.（09山东）
a.who b.which c.when d.that
33.i travel to the binhai new area by light railway everyday, do many businessmen who live in downtown tianjin. (09天津)
a.as b.which c.when d.though
step 4 assesment and homework（1分钟）
选出优秀小组和个人以资鼓励
record after teaching:
定语从句 篇六
考点9定语从句
1.主要考查的知识点：
(1)关系词的选用
(2)关系词前加介词等的用法
(3)定语从句的时态
(4)非限制性定语从句的用法
2.复习重点：
(1)关系代词和关系副词的用法区别。
(2)掌握只能用that引导定语从句的情形。
(3)掌握介词加关系代词的用法。
(4)掌握as和which引导非限制性定语从句的用法。
3.应对方法：
解题时，首先要确定先行词，根据先行词在从句中所作的句子成分来判断该用关系代词还是副词，并且确定具体用哪个关系词。如果从句中谓语动词为不及物动词，应考虑关系代词前该不该加介词。
定义
1.定义：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that,as等；关系副词：where,when,why等。关系词常有三个作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。如：
harrypotteristhemostinterestingnovelthatihaveread.
分析：thatihaveread是定语从句；novel是先行词；that是关系代词，代替先行词novel，在从句中作haveread的宾语。
关系词 指代人或物 定语从句中充当的成分
关系代词 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
which 物或主句内容 主语、宾语或定语
who 人 主语或宾语
whom 人 宾语
whose 人或物 定语
as 人或物或主句内容 主语或宾语
关系副词 when 时间 状语
where 地点 状语
why 原因 状语
4.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开，是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确，翻译成先行词的定语，“……的……”。
非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，通常翻译成主句的并列句。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
hisbrotherwhoisnowalawyeralwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.
他那个现在是律师的哥哥总是鼓励他上大学。(他还有其他的哥哥)
hisbrother,whoisnowalawyer,alwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.
他的哥哥，现在是律师，总是鼓励他上大学。(他只有一个哥哥)
(1)sheisthewoman(whom/that/who)iwantedtoseeyesterday.
(2)i,whoamyourclosefriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouwheneveryouareintrouble.
(3)harrypotterisoneofthebestsellersthatarepopularwithteenagers.
harrypotteristheonlyoneofthebestsellers
thatmakestheauthorabillionaire.
1.关系代词的使用
(4)greatchangeshavetakenplaceinchina,asisknowntoall.
(5)toownatvsetineachfamily,whichwethinkwasimpossible20yearsago,nowhasbecometrue.
(6)allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
(7)thisistheverydictionarythatiwanttobuy.
(8)thefirstplacethattheyvisitedinlondonwasthebigben.
1.关系代词的使用
(9)canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?
(10)whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?
(11)theyhavesetupacompany,whichdealswiththethingsthatarerelatedtoenvironmentprotection.
(12)hangzhouisnomorethecitythatitusedtobe.
(13)thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.
1.关系代词的使用
(14)wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.
(15)isthereanyonewhoisreadytohelptheinjuredperson?
(16)theclassroomwhosedoor/thedoorofwhich/ofwhichthedoorisbrokenisonthesecondfloor.
(17)asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.
(18)thishouseisnotsuchasiexpect.(such为代词，作先行词；as在从句中作宾语)
1.关系代词的使用
(19)aswaspointedout,thiskindofsubstanceispoisonous.
(20)thisisthebook(which/that)iamlookingfor.
(21)helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.＝helovedhisparentsdeeply,ofwhombothareverykindtohim.
1.关系代词的使用
(22)idon'thaveenoughmoneywithwhichtobuysuchanexpensivedress.＝idon'thaveenoughmoneywithwhichicanbuysuchanexpensivedress.
(23)mikewasastudentattheuniversityfrom1998to,duringwhichtimehestudiedveryhardandwasmadechairmanofthestudents'union.
1.关系代词的使用
规则1：关系代词若在限制性定语从句中作宾语并且前面无介词时，关系代词可省略，其他情况不可省，如：(1)。
规则2：定语从句中的主谓一致问题
(1)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致，如：(2)。
(2)oneof＋复数名词＋关系代词＋复数动词；而theonlyoneof＋复数名词＋关系代词＋单数动词，如：(3)。
(3)非限制性定语从句中，由关系代词as或which代替整个主句时，从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，如：(4)。
(4)关系代词和谓语动词之间有插入语时，谓语动词单复数要看关系代词的指代，如：(5)。
规则3：指物时，定语从句中的关系代词只能用that的情况：
(1)当先行词为everything,anything,nothing,theone,none,all,much,few,any,little等不定代词时，如：(6)。
(2)当先行词被theonly,thevery,all,much,few,any,little,no修饰时，如：(7)。
(3)当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，如：(8)。
(4)先行词既有人又有物时，如：(9)。
(5)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时，为避免重复要用that，如：(10)。
(6)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个则用that，如：(11)。
(7)当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时，只用that，如：(12)。
规则4：指物时，定语从句中的关系代词只能用which的情况：
(1)在引导非限制性定语从句时，如：(13)。
(2)介词后，如：(14)。
(3)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用that，另一个宜用which。
规则5：指人时，定语从句中的关系代词只能用who的情况：
(1)当先行词是anyone,those时，如：(15)。
(2)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用that，另一个宜用who。
规则6：whose可以指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语，后跟名词。指物时，whose＋名词＝名词＋ofwhich＝ofwhich＋名词，如：(16)。
规则7：关系代词as和which
在非限制性定语从句中，as和which可代替整个主句，相当于andthis或andthat。二者的区别主要在于：
(1)as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以在主句前，也可以在主句后，有时还可以插入句中，常带有“正如……，正像……”的意思。而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后，翻译成“这”，如：(17)。
(2)主句中出现thesame,as,such,so修饰先行词，需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，如：(18)。
【注意】当先行词由thesame修饰时，有时也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的意思不同：that表示同一个，as表示同一类。
(3)在以下结构中，一般也用as:as(it)appears,as(it)seemslikely,as(it)oftenhappens,as(it)waspointedout/said/reported/announced,as(it)wassaidearlier,asiremember(it),asiswellknown,asisknowntoall,asanybodycansee等，如：(19)。
规则8：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which。
(1)某些带有介词的动词短语，介词可以提至关系代词之前，但是在一些固定搭配的短语动词中，由于动词和介词不可以分割，因此不能将介词置于关系代词之前，如takecareof,lookfor,lookafter,carefor等，如：(20)。
(2)“介词＋关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词，有时数词或代词也可以放在“介词＋关系代词”之后，如：(21)。
(3)介词＋which/whom＋todo结构。这种结构可以改为：介词＋which/whom＋定语从句，如：(22)。
(4)在非限制性定语从句中，which可作定语，指先行词(短语或句子)所表示的信息，形成“介词＋which＋名词”结构，相当于andin/at/duringthis/that＋名词，如：(23)。
2.关系副词的使用
(1)istillrememberthedaywhen/onwhichifirstcametotheschool.
(2)thehousewhere/inwhichilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
(3)idon'tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhelooksunhappytoday.
(4)theway(inwhich/that)heansweredthequestionwassurprising.
(5)chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,fromwherekitesspreadtojapan,korea,thailandandindia.
规则1：when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；when＝表示时间的介词(in/at/on/during…)＋which，如：(1)。
规则2：where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，where＝表示地点的介词(in/at/on/under…)＋which，如：(2)。
规则3：why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，why＝表示原因的介词(for)＋which，如：(3)。
规则4：以theway为先行词的定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导，而且通常可以省略，如：(4)。
【注意】
theway(which/that)heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.(which/that在从句中充当宾语成分)
规则5：有时为了表达更清楚，可以在关系副词where/when前加上介词to,from等，如：(5)。
【注意】
一些特殊的先行词如situation,point,case,activity，scene及period,festival,occasion等要注意具体情况具体分析，作主语、宾语和表语时，用关系代词that/which；作状语时，用关系副词where/when或“介词＋which”。
thereisonepoint(that/which)wemustinsiston.
有一个观点我们必须坚持。(定语从句可还原为：wemustinsistonthepoint,所以先行词point在定语从句中作宾语，故用that/which或省略。)
we'rejusttryingtoreachapointwherebothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.
我们正努力做到能让双方坐下来对话。(定语从句可还原为：atapointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk,故先行词point在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词用where/atwhich。)
3.关系代词/关系副词的选择
用适当的连接词填空
(1)iwillrememberthedaysthatwespenttogether.
(2)june7isthedaywhenwebegintotakethecollegeentranceexamination.
(3)thisistheplacethatwevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.
(4)thisistheplacewhereheworkedfortenyears.
规则1：用还原法：将先行词放入定语从句中，找到它的原有位置，判断它作什么成分以及判断先行词指人还是指物。
规则2：一般说来，作主语、宾语或表语时，用关系代词；作状语时，用关系副词或介词＋which；作定语时，用whose。
4.定语从句和其他句型之间的区别
用适当的连接词填空
(1)heissuchagoodboythateveryonelikeshim.
(2)heissuchagoodboyaseveryonelikes.
(3)hesaidnothingthatmademeangry.
(4)hesaidnothing,whichmademeangry.
(5)hesaidnothing,andthatmademeangry.
(6)asisknowntoall,themoontravelsaroundtheearth.
4.定语从句和其他句型之间的区别
(7)newscamethatourclasshadwonthegame.
(8)whatisknowntoallisthatthemoontravelsaroundtheearth.
(9)idon'tknowthereasonhowhehasworkedouttheproblem.
(10)whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamarkintheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions.
4.定语从句和其他句型之间的区别
(11)whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.
(12)itwasasmallvillage(that/which)weknowfrommyfather.
(13)itwasinthissmallvillagethatwegottoknoweachother.
规则1：区别such…as…/so…as…引导的定语从句和such/so…that…引导的结果状语从句
如果从句缺少主语或宾语就是定语从句，连接词用as，如：(2)；如果从句的结构完整，就是结果状语从句，连接词用that，如：(1)。
规则2：区别非限制性定语从句与并列句
定语从句与主句之间用关系词连接，如：(4)；并列句之间用并列连词，如：(5)。
规则3：定语从句与名词性从句
定语从句中，关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，如：(6)；而名词性从句中的连词that在从句中不作任何成分，如：(7)；疑问代词what及疑问副词how可连接名词性从句，但不能引导定语从句，如：(8)、(9)。
规则4：定语从句与地点状语从句
关系副词引导定语从句时，其前面必须有时间、地点、原因等先行词，如：(10)；而疑问副词连接状语从句时，其前面没有，如：(11)。
规则5：定语从句与强调句、状语从句
that在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语，如：(12)；而强调句型中不作任何成分，但不能省，如：(13)；在结果状语从句中that也只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分。
设计背景 篇七
1． 初步掌握及运用定语从句，如让学生用定语从句来完成对人物喜欢的人物进行描述，如I like music that I can dance to. She is the only one who’s studying French.等。
2．本课的学习任务就是能初步掌握及运用定语从句，为了使学生顺利地完成教学任务，教师以学生为主体，为学生设计了几个以他们的认知水平出发的符合生活实际的他们感兴趣的一环扣一环的子任务，每个子任务紧紧围绕总任务展开，再深入，在一个一个完成任务的活动中培养学生的能力。
定语从句 篇八
ⅰ.选择题
1.i've read all the books you gave me.
a.which b.them c.what d.that
2.there isn't much i can do.
a.what b.which c.that d.how
3.he keeps a record of everything he had seen there.
a.he b.that c.which d.what
4.tell us about the people and the places are different from ours.
a.that b.who c.which d.whom
5.mr john said that suzhou was the first city he had visited in china.a.that b.where c.which d.what
6.the tv play i watched last night is the best one i have watched thisyear.
a.which b.what c.whose d.that
7.last sunday they reached qingdao, a conference was to be held.
a.which b.that c.when d.where
8.①is this the museum you visited the other day?
②is this museum you visited the other day?
a.that b.where c.in which d.the one
9.i began to work in beijing in the year new china was founded.
a.when b.that c.which d.where
10.this is the very film i've long wished to see.
a.which b.that c.who d.whom
11.there is no difficulty can't be overcome in the world.
a.that b.which c.who d.what
12.who is the person is standing at the gate of beijing tourism tower?
a.who b.that c.which d.whom
13.this was the supermarket i bought this kind of tin.
a.where b.that c.who d.which
14.the house the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.
a.that b.where c.what d.when
15.this is the last time i shall come here to help you.
a.that b.which c.when d.what
16.the house we live is not big.
a.in that b.which c.in which d.that
17.my neighburs used to give me a hand in time of trouble, was very kind of them. a.who b.that c.which d.whom
18.all glitters is not gold. a.that b.which c./ d.what
19.i now know why mao impresses everyone who meets him the way he does. a.which b.what c./ d.now
20.beijing, is the capital of china,is a beautiful city.
a.that b.it c.which d./
21.she was no longer the woman she was.
a.that b.which c.what d.who
22.that's the hotel last year.
a.which we stayed b.at that we stayed
c.where we stayed at d.where we stayed
23.the doctor did all to save the wounded boy.
a.what he could b.he could
c.everything which he could d.for which he could do
24.anyone this opinion may speak out.
a.that againsts b.that against c.who is against d.who are against
25.the place you are standing used to be an old church.
a.which b.where c.that d.when
26.you've made the same mistake you made last time.
a.as b.like c.which d.that
27.it is not such an interesting magazine i thought.
a.as b.that c.which d./
28. you know,he is a famous musician.
a.as b.which c.that d./
zhou, native language was chinese,could read and write several foreign languages. a.whose b.his c.which d.that
30.do you know the actor you saw playing hamlet is now doing king lear? a.who b.whom c.whose d.which
31.i took my friend to the summer palace, we had some photos taken.
a.where b.which c.that d./
32.do you remember the day your sister was graduated as a master of arts? a.which b.on which c.about which d./
33.the bus, was already full,was surrounded by an angry crowd.
a.which of most b.most of which c.which of the most d.most of that
34.we all remember the days we studied together at school.
a.which b.that c.when d./
35.do you know the reason he didn't come?
a.that b.which c.for d.why
36.i showed the doctor the place i felt the pain.
a.that b.which c.where d.when
37.he is the only one of the three got the new idea.
a.who have b.whom have c.who has d.whose had
38.i'm one of the students well in english in my class.
a.who does b.who do c.which does d.who did
39.this is the baby tomorrow.
a.after whom i shall look b.whom i shall look after
c.whose i shall look after d.after whom i shall look after
40.this is the fastest train is going to nanjing.
a.that b.what c.where d./
参考答案
ⅰ.
1.d 2.c 3.b 4.a 5.a 6.d
7.d 8.a,d 9.a 10.b 11.a 12.b
13.a 14.a 15.a 16.c 17.c 18.a
19.c 20.c 21.a 22.d 23.b 24.c
25.b 26.a 27.a 28.a 29.a 30.b
31.a 32.b 33.b 34.c 35.d .36.c
37.c 38.b 39.b 40.a
定语从句 篇九
语法复习四：定语从句
（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导
1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as
2、关系副词：when, where, why
关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用， 同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
e.g. she is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）
the comrade with whom i came knows french.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语）
3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语；2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语；4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。
（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。
e.g. i was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）
2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。
e.g. tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）
（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题
1、that与which的区别。
1）用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。
e.g. there is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。
the first place that they visited in guilin was elephant trunk hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
this is the best film that i have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
mr smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。
2）用which而不用 that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句；②代表整个主句的意思；③介词 + 关系代词。
e.g. he had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
this is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。
3）as引导定语从句时的用法
①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。
e.g. i want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。
such machines as are used in our workshop are made in china. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。
②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as i expect 等。
e.g. as i expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
3）as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别
①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。
e.g. he made a long speech, as we expected.
he made a long speech, which was unexpected.
②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。
e.g. tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.
2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。
e.g. the man who lives downstairs speaks english fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。
the students who are in grade three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.
3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。
e.g. there is an expression in his eyes that i can’t understand.
4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词 + which”来代替。
e.g. october 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the people’s republic of china was founded.
5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。
e.g. the sick man whom she is looking after is her father.
6. 介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；介词在句尾，关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who，且可省略。
e.g. the man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.
练习、定语从句
一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：
1. the fan is on the desk. you want it.
2. the man is in the next room. he brought our textbooks here yesterday.
3. the magazine is mine. he has taken it away.
4. the students will not pass the exam . they don’t study hard.
5. the woman is our geography teacher. you saw her in the park.
6. the letter is from my sister. i received it yesterday.
7. the play was wonderful. we saw it last night.
8. the train was late. it was going to nanning.
9. the boy is my brother. he was here a minute ago.
10. the tree is quite tall. he is climbing it.
11. here is the girl. her brother works in this shop.
12. that’s the child. we were looking at his drawing just now.
13. this is the boy. his sister is a famous singer.
14. i want to talk to the boys. their homework haven’t been handed in.
15. is that the woman? her daughter is in my class.
16. he used to live in a big house. in front of it grew many banana trees.
17. they passed a factory. at the back of the factory there were rice fields.
18. the soldier ran to the building. on the top of it flew a flag.
19. in the evening they arrived at a hill. at the foot of the hill there was a temple.
20. she came into a big room. in the middle of it stood a large table.
二、根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:
1. the person ________ ________ i spoke just now is the manager that i told you about.
2. the pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
3. wu dong, ________ ________ i went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. the two things ________ ________ marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of english.
5. her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. the stories about the long march, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
三、选择填空：
1. the man ____ visited our school yesterday is from london.
a. who b. which c. whom d. when
2. the woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
a. whose b. who c. whom d. which
3. because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.
a. that b. which c. what d. as
4. do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?
a. when b. where c. which d. who
5. tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.
a. which b. that c. whom d. as
6. those ____ want to go please sign their names here.
a. whom b. which c. who d. when
7. where is the man ____ i met this morning?
a. when b. where c. which d. who
8. who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?
a. who b. / c. that d. when
9. the man ____ you talked just now is a worker.
a. who b. whom c. to whom d. to who
10. the man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.
a. with whom b. when c. to whom d. which
11. the doctor ____ is leaving for africa next month.
a. the nurse is talking to him b. whom the nurse is talking
c. the nurse is talking to d. who the nurse is talking
12. the man ____ around our school is from america.
a. which you showed b. you showed him c. you showed d. where you showed
13. he talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.
a. of whom b. from whom c. about that d. who
14. in fact the swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in french.
a. where b. who c. in which d. which
15. have you read the book ____ i lent to you?
a. that b. whom c. when d. whose
16. finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
a. that b. which c. whatever d. all
17. the foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
a. most of them b. most of that c. most of whom d. most of those
18. this is the very letter ____came last night.
a. who b. which c. that d. as
19. i know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than i.
a. whoever b. whomever c. anyone d. the one
20. this is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
a. where b. / c. when d. what
21. this is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
a. where b. that c. which d. on which
22. nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.
a. which b. in which c. that&nbs(虎知道☆www.huzhidao.com)p; d. /
23. jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.
a. that, what b. what, that c. which, what d. that, which
24. do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?
a. that b. which c. its d. whose
25. in the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
a. whom b. who c. to whom d. form whom
26. is this school ____ we visited three years ago?
a. the one b. which c. that d. where
27. is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?
a. the one b. where c. in which d. /
28, how many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?
a. whose b. who c. whom d. which
29. alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
a. it b. which c. that d. he
30. the train was crowded and i had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.
a. when there were b. which there were c. that there were d. where there were
31. i live in the house ____ windows face south.
a. which b. whose c. where d. in that
32. ---- what game is popular with them? ---- the ____ most is tennis.
a. game they like it b. game they like c. best game they like d. best game they like it
33. they stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine i had.
a. which b. which time c. during which time d. during which
34. the room ____ mr white lives is not very large.
a. that b. which c. where d. when
35. don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the youth league.
a. when b. that c. at which d. where
36. i’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.
a. that b. what c. which d. when
37. he returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.
a. which b. as c. that d. it
38. ____ we is known to all, english is not very difficult to learn.
a. what b. as c. that d. which
39. the old man had three sons, all of ____ died during world war ⅱ.
a. whose b. that c. whom d. who
40. i have bought two pens, ____ write well.
a. none of which b. neither of which c. both of which d. all of which
41. do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?
a. why b. which c. for that d. of which
42. he failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
a. which b. what c. it d. that
43. during the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.
a. following b. followed c. to follow d. that followed
44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
a. it b. which c. as d. that
45. he studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.
a. that was what b. what was that c. and which was d. which was what
46. we should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.
a. when b. as c. whose d. what
47. you must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.
a. when b. as c. whose d. what
48. he is absent ____ is often the case.
a. what b. which c. who d. as
49. it is the first time ____ i have come to your city.
a. that b. which c. what d. when
50. who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.
a. who b. that c. whom d. which
51. i shall never forget those years ____ i lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.
a. that, which b. when, which c. which, that d. when, who
52. this is the only book ____ i can find.
a. that b. which c. it d. with which
53. i don’t like ____ you speak to her.
a. the way b. the way in that c. the way which d. the way of which
54. that is one of those books that ____ worth reading.
a. is b. are c. has d. have
55. this is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.
a. is b. are c. has d. have
56. there was ____ to prevent the accident.
a. something could do b. anything we could do
c. nothing we couldn’t do d. nothing we could do
参考答案
语法复习四：定语从句
一、1. the fan that you want is on the desk. 2. the man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. the magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. the students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5. the woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6. the letter i received yesterday is from my sister. 7. the play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. the train which was going to nanning was late. 9. the boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. the tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. here is the girl whose brother works in this shop. 12. that’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. this is the boy whose sister is a favous singer. 14. i want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15. is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. he used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. they passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. the soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 19. in the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. she came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.
二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which
三、1~5 abacd 6~10 cdcca 11~15 ccada 16~20 accab 21~25 abbdc
26~30 adabd 31~35 bbdca 36~40 cabcc 41~45 aadcd 46~50 bbdab
定语从句 篇十
定语从句
（一） 知识概要
定语从句并不属于中考范围，但由于作者在多年的教学中体会到，这一语法现象影响了许多学生自学英语。这些学生一般是成绩较好的学生，想进行大量阅读来提高自己的英语水平，但总是碰到一些问题，百思不得其解。苦于自己的水平只限于初中水平，无法提高，但各种补习班又都是为一些水平较差的学生开设的，所以又投师无门。为了解决这部分学生的学习困难，也为那些有志青年铺平学习上的道路，特用这一节讲述定语从句，不是从语法上讲述，而是从阅读理解方面去讲述。可供同学们在学习时参考。这会对你的英语学习起到事半功倍的作用。对于形容词我们已十分熟悉了，如： a good book， 形容词 good 用来修饰书 book。 我们也可以用一个句子来修饰名词，这种句子叫做形容词性从句，它起修饰名词的作用，又被叫做定语从句(the attributive clause)。但有一点不同的是这个从句不是像形容词那样放于名词前，而是放在名词之后。它所修饰的名词又被叫作先行词，如： do you know the scientist who gave us the talk this afternoon? 这句中的主句是 do you know the scientist? (你知道那位科学家吗？)而 who gave us the talk this afternoon (他今天下午给我们作的报告。)是定语从句。所以这两句话合为一体即是：你认识今天下午给我们作报告的那位科学家吗？这里 scientist 叫作先行词，而 who 叫作定语从句的引导词。 who 在定语从句中起主语的作用， who 的数与它的先行词相同。又如： you must do everything that i do 这里先行词是 everything， 而 that i do 是定语从句，此句应译为：你必须作我所作的一切。 that 叫作定语从句的引导词，在句中作 do 的宾语。引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词： that， which， who， whom， whose 和关系副词 when， where， why， how。不论关系代词还是关系副词，都应放于先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，但它们都要在定语从句中起语法作用，充当一个成份。如关系代词在定语从句中不是作主语便是作宾语，而关系副词则是作状语。我们先来看关系代词的用法。① that 的先行词可以是人也可以是物。如： a plane is a machine that can fly 这里先行词是 machine 而 that 是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。这句译为：飞机是一种会飞的机器。又如： i like the book (that) you lent me yesterday 这里先行词是 book， 关系代词用 that， 它在定语从句中作 lend (借)的宾语。要注意的是关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，即： i like the book you lent me yesterday② which 关系代词的先行词只能是物。它在定语从句中作主语或宾语，如： the book shop is a shop which sells books 这里 shop 是先行词， which 在从句中作主语。又如： the book (which) i read last night was wonderful 这里主句是 the book was wonderful 而定语从句是修饰主句的主语 book， 即我昨晚读的那本书，which 在定语从句中作 read 的宾语，可以省略。③ who， whom， whose who 在定语从句中作主语， whom 是 who 的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，而 whose 则是形容词性物主代词，在从句中作定语，如：the man who visited our school yesterday is an american friend 昨天参观我们学校的人是一位美国朋友。 who 在定语从句中作主语。又如： who's that woman (whom) you just talked to ? 你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁？而 whom 作定语从句中介词 to 的宾语，可以省略，而在现代英语中，句首的 whom 也常常可用 who代替。this is our classmate， mary， whose home is not far from our school 这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。为了便于理解，我们来看看是如何将两句话并为一句话的。
1. i saw the man. he closed the door
i saw the man who (that) closed the door
2. the girl is happy she won the race
the girl who won the race is happy
3. the students are from china they sit in the front row
the students who sit in the front row are from china
(要注意的是先行词是 students 则 who 的数也应看作复数。)
4. we are studying sentences they contain adjective dause
we are studying sentences that (which) contain adjective dause
5. the taxi driver was friendly he took me to the airport
the taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly
6. the book was good i read it
the book that i read was good
the book i read was good
7. the people were very nice we visited them yesterday
the people we visited yesterday were very nice
8. the man called the police his wallet was stolen
the man whose wallet was stolen called the police
9. i come from a country its history goes back thousands of years
i come from a country whose history goes back thousands of years
10. i have to call the man i picked up his umbrella after the meeting
i have to call the man whose umbrella i picked up after the meeting
关系代词 whom， which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：
that was the room in which we had lived for ten years 或可以写作：
that was the room which we had lived in for ten years
he was the man whom(who) you were looking for 要注意的是此句的关系代词 whom 可以用主格取代，而 look for 是短语动词也不可将 for 放于定语从句之前。that 作关系代词作介词宾语时，不能紧跟介词，而只能将介词置于定语从句的后面。如： the man that we were talking about has come to our school 这时不可用 about that … 请看下面例句：
1. the meeting was interesting i went to it
the meeting that i went to was interesting
2. the man was very kind i talked to him yesterday
the man who i talked to yesterday was very kind
3. i must thank the people i got a present from him
i must thank the people who i got a present from
4. the picture was beautiful she was looking at it
the picture that (which) she was looking at was beautiful
5. the man is standing over there i told you about him
the man who i told you about is standing over there
除关系代词外，还有关系副词， when， where， why， 其中 when用来指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如： i never forget the day when i first came to the great wall 而 where 则指地点，如： this is the house where the old man lives 请看下面例句：
1. the city was beautiful we spent our vacation there
the city where we spent our vacation was beautiful
2. that is the restaurant i will meet you there
that is the restaurant where i will meet you
3. the town is small i grew up there
the town where i grew up is small
4. that is the drawer i keep my newpapers there
that is the drawer where i keep my newspapers
5. monday is the day we will come then
monday is the day when we will came
6. 7∶05 is the time my plane arrives then
7∶05 is the time when my plane arrives
7. 1960 is the year the revolution took place then
1960 is the year when the revolution took place
8. july is the month the weather is usually the hottest then
july is the month when the weather is usually the hottest
在定语从句中又可分为两大类定语从句，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
① 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉的话，主句的意思就不完整，意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词，如：i was the only person in my office who was invited
② 非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对其附加说明，也就是讲即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响，仍然清晰明了。这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句，如： abraham lincoln， who led the united states through these years， was shot on april 14， 1865 at a theatre in washington d. c. 又如：galileo lived in the city of pisa， where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high
（二） 正误辨析
［误］ i won't tell you the name of the person who teach me english
［正］ i won't tell you the name of the person who teaches me english
［析］ 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，从它本身看不出其数的形式，这时要由它的先行词决定。这里who 应由 the person 单数决定，应该用单数谓语动词。又如：i who am a student want to find a spare time job这里的 who 应与 i 是一致的，所以其谓语动词应该用am。
［误］ we talked about the things and the people who we met during the second world war
［正］ we talked about the things and the people that we met during the second world war
［析］ 这里的关系代词不要用 who， 因为其先行词有两个一个是 things (物)，而另一个是people (人)，这时既不可用 who， 又不可用 which， 因前者只能用于先行词是人的情况下，而后者则用于先行词是物的情况下，所以只能用 that， 因为它的先行词既可以是人又可以是物。
［误］ the book， that i bought yesterday， was very good
［正］ the book， which i bought yesterday， was very good
［析］ 先行词与定语从句被逗号分割开来时，即作为非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中 which， when， who， whom， where， when， whose 等都可以和限制性定语从句中的作用一样，而独有 that 不易用于非限制性定语从句。
［误］ the dictionary which i lent it yesterday is a very useful tool
［正］ the dictionary which i lent yesterday is a very useful tool
［析］ 关系代词在定语从句中是要起语法作用的，它不是作主语就是作宾语。虽然在作宾语时它的位置由原来的宾语位置移到了句首，但它的作用依然存在，而且在原宾语位置上不能再出现宾语。
［误］ the teacher i want to learn english from is the one which comes from america
［正］ the teacher i want to learn english from is the one who comes from america
［析］ the one， anyone， those 作代词并且是指某人、物时，其关系代词不能用 which 应用 who。
［误］ this is the room in that the old man lives
［正］ this is the room in which the old man lives
［正］ this is the room which the old man lives in
［正］ this is the room that the old man lives in
［析］ that 不能紧跟在介词后作介词宾语，但如果介词不前置仍放于句尾，则可用 that 作引导词，而且可以省略。如： this is the room the old man lives in
［误］ i can do everything which is good for you
［正］ i can do everything that is good for you
［析］ 在先行词是 all， much， little， something， everything， anything， nothing， none， the one 等不定代词时，虽然它们指的是物体，但不要用 which 而用 that 作定语从句的引导词。
［误］ the only thing which the students can do is studying hard
［正］ the only thing that the students can do is studying hard
［析］ 在先行词前有 only， any， few， little， no， all， one of 等词修饰时，虽然先行词指的是物，也不要用 which 作关系代词，而要用 that。
［误］ this is the first american film which i've ever seen
［正］ this is the first american film that i've ever seen
［析］ 在先行词是序数词，或由序数词修饰时，其关系代词不可用 which 这样的用法还有在形容词最高级修饰的先行词之后，如： this is the best book that i have ever seen
［误］ he is from africa, that we can see from the colour of the skin
［正］ he is from africa, as we can see from the colour of the skin
［析］ 当 as 或 which 引导非限制性定语从句时，它可能没有明确的先行词，它们所指代的是前面整个句子。如例题应译为他是从非洲来这个事情是可以从其肤色上看出的。
以上内容就是虎知道为您提供的10篇《定语从句》，希望可以对您的写作有一定的参考作用，更多精彩的范文样本、模板格式尽在虎知道。
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